ubuntu main，ubuntu安装的软件在哪
大家好，关于ubuntu main很多朋友都还不太明白，今天小编就来为大家分享关于ubuntu安装的软件在哪的知识，希望对各位有所帮助！
Ubuntu的软件源地址
8.10的
Archive.ubuntu.com更新服务器（欧洲，此为官方源，电信网通用户使用)：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Ubuntu.cn99.com更新服务器（江苏省常州市电信，推荐电信用户使用）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Mirrors.shlug.org更新服务器（电信服务器，Ubuntu China Official Mirror, maintained by Shanghai Linux User Group）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
Mirror.lupaworld.com更新服务器（浙江省杭州市双线服务器）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
厦门大学更新服务器（教育网服务器）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
成都市电子科技大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：
deb intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
==如果无法解析uestc.edu.cn域名，请使用以下地址==
deb intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
上海市上海交通大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：
deb intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
中国科学技术大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：
deb intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
中国台湾台湾大学更新服务器（推荐网通用户使用，电信PING平均响应速度41MS。强烈推荐此源，比较完整，较少出现同步问题）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
mirror.rootguide.org更新服务器（上海市电信）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
台湾的官方源速度也相当不错，有时甚至快于内地的：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
ubuntu20.04系统镜像从哪下载
在Ubuntu 20.04系统中，管理和访问软件包时，一个重要的配置文件就是/etc/apt/source.list。这个文件定义了系统从哪些镜像服务器下载软件包，以提高下载速度和稳定性。这里，我们将为您介绍几个常用的国内镜像地址，帮助您优化软件包安装过程。
首先，清华大学开源软件镜像站提供了官方支持的镜像，其地址是：deb 。默认情况下，这个地址是注释状态，如果你想启用，只需取消对应行的注释符号。清华大学镜像以其高速和稳定著称，是许多用户的选择。
中科大镜像站同样为Ubuntu提供服务，其地址是：deb 。这个镜像对于中科大的用户来说，无疑是一个理想的选择。
除了上述两个，还有其他一些可靠的国内镜像可供选择：
-阿里云镜像：阿里云镜像提供多个版本的更新，包括：
- deb focal main restricted universe multiverse
- deb focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
- deb focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
- deb focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
-上海交通大学镜像：deb focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse，这是一个预发布源，虽然不建议日常使用，但在测试或开发阶段可能有所帮助。
-北京大学镜像：deb focal main restricted universe multiverse，这是一个稳定的选择，适用于日常软件包更新。
- Canonical官方镜像：deb focal partner，这个镜像包含Canonical官方软件包，如LTS版本的更新。
在使用这些镜像时，记得根据实际情况修改您的文件，确保选择最符合您地理位置和网络条件的镜像。这将有助于加速软件包的下载，提升Ubuntu 20.04在国内的用户体验。
如何制作完整的Ubuntu本地源镜像
本地部分源镜像的优点是占用空间比较小，一个部分软件包源根据系统需要所占的空间大概也就在1G~2G之间。能满足系统备份还原的基本需求，凡是备份下来的软件包都能安装。但是它的缺点和局限性也是很明显的，它只能使用系统安装过的的软件包，也就是/var/cache/apt/archives/下的所有软件包。如果你的系统是32位的，那么这个源也就是32位的源，而不能被64位的系统所使用。或者如果要安装没有在本机上安装过的软件，那么就不行。因此制作完整的本地软镜像就是个不错的选择。
制作部分软件包源镜像可以作为个人备份系统，还原之用；如果是公司企业的话，推荐还是使用完整的本地源镜像。
下面介绍下制作完整的本地源镜像的方法：
安装前一定要注意：
首先，镜像目录为/var/spool/下的 apt-mirror。
其次，要尽量用官方源或者Ubuntu系统源列表中列出来的镜像站进行镜像。
/var下要有40G以上的空间,建议在40G的基础上再保留30%以上的余量。
/var下如果没有空间，可以把镜像目录改到其他分区中，可以参考如下方法：
[plain] view plain copy
sudo ln-s/media/g/Ubuntu_local/apt-mirror//var/spool/apt-mirror
1.安装apt-mirror工具[plain] view plain copy
sudo apt-get install apt-mirror sudo apt-get install apache2#如果不打算对局域网或互联网开放，这个不必装
2.配置apt-mirror工具
gksugedit/etc/apt/mirrors.list
清除原有内容，没关系，输入以下内容：
[plain] view plain copy
#############config################## # # set base_path /var/spool/apt-mirror # # setmirror_path$base_path/mirror # setskel_path $base_path/skel # setvar_path$base_path/var # setcleanscript$var_path/clean.sh # setdefaultarchrunning hostarchitecture # setpostmirror_script$var_path/postmirror.sh # setrun_postmirror 0 #默认为20线程下载，推荐10线程，20可能会造成服备器或网络loading太重 setnthreads 20 set _tilde 0 # #############end config############## #网易源（速度很快） deb precise main universe restricted multiverse deb precise-security universe main multiverserestricted deb precise-updates universe main multiverserestricted deb precise-proposed universe main multiverse restricted deb precise-backports universe main multiverserestricted #ubuntu12.04 src源不进行同步，因为大多数人用不上，如果同步，要多增加一倍空间 #deb-src precise main universe restricted multiverse #deb-src precise-security universe main multiverserestricted #deb-src precise-proposed universe main multiverserestricted #deb-src precise-backports universe main multiverse restricted #deb-src precise-updates universe main multiverserestricted #下面的代码是为了镜像成功后节省空间的，实际上下面的这一句不写也是可以的 clean
这里的地址规则和sources.list中是一样的，用的是163网速不同，时间不同,完成后有提示，
3.开始制作镜像sudo apt-mirror
制作完成后会有提示,制作过程可以中断，如果时间太长，可以关闭终端或ctrl+c,如果电脑关机，什么时候要继续，再重新执行代码即可，这时原来下载过的是不会重新下载的。直到完成，完成后有如何节约空间的提示，可以不去理会；镜像内容很全的，与官方同步的.
之后再次运行apt-mirror会继续以前的工作.每次都可以这样更新.
此过程根据网速不同，会有不同的时间.网速快的话，1个晚上就能完成.
4.作为本地源使用更新
这一部分和部分软件包源镜像源的使用一样，可参考
制作完成后，在本地存储的地址为：
/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/mirrors.163.com/Ubuntu
编辑sources.list
sudo gedit/ets/apt/sources.list
删除原有内容，写入：
deb precise mainuniverse restricted multiverse
deb precise-securityuniverse main multiverse restricted
deb precise-updatesuniverse main multiverse restricted
deb precise-proposeduniverse main multiverse restricted
deb precise-backportsuniverse main multiverse restricted
5.本地安装软件包sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xxxx
6.制作成局域网源
安装apaches
/var/spool/apt-mirror/mirror/mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/作为webroot
地址为局域网ip地址即可.
说明:完整的本地源做好后，通过新立得或apt-get，可以完全免除ubuntu官方源或ubuntu-cn源的负担，你想装什么，就装什么吧
