ubuntu debian 源？debian和centos哪个好
大家好，ubuntu debian 源相信很多的网友都不是很明白，包括debian和centos哪个好也是一样，不过没有关系，接下来就来为大家分享关于ubuntu debian 源和debian和centos哪个好的一些知识点，大家可以关注收藏，免得下次来找不到哦，下面我们开始吧！
如何制作定制的ubuntu镜像
具体操作如下：
一、从零开始构建Ubuntu-Server系统安装镜像
1）、Debian-installer--initrd.gz、vmlinuz和isolinux/的制作
Debian-installer是Debian的系统安装程序，ubuntu的server和alternate版都是使用Debian-installer作为系统安装程序。Debian-installer是一种字符界面的安装程序，可以对系统安装的软件包进行定制。
1、使用Debian-installer的ubuntu分支的源码
2、安装构建Debian-installer的依赖包：sudoapt-get build-dep debian-installer
3、创建debian-installer所需的源列表sources.list.udeb.local，构建debian-installer时会根据本机的sources.list生成所需的sources.list.udeb，可根据需要创建合适的sources.list.udeb.local来代替sources.list.udeb。
例，在debian-installer源码/build/下建立sources.list.udeb.local，其内容如下：
debcopy:/home/xin/work/version/debian-installer/build/ localudebs/
deb raring main/debian-installer
deb raring-securitymain/debian-installer
deb raring-updates main/debian-installer
deb raring-proposedmain/debian-installer
4、根据需要（光盘启动、硬盘启动和网络启动等）构建带有debian-installer的内核文件，例如：makebuild_cdrom_isolinux
结果将在dest/目录下生成如下文件：
├── cdrom
├──debian-cd_info.tar.gz
├── initrd.gz
└── vmlinuz
其中debian-cd_info.tar.gz内容为光盘启动所需的syslinux相关文件，也可供debian-cd使用自动生成光盘镜像。
5、定制：
config目录下修改给之文件可具体对内核等功能进行配置，具体有待根据实际需求进行分析。
2）、debootstrap&mksquashfs--filesystem.{manifest,size,squashfs}的制作
filesystem.squashfs是由debootstrap生成的ubuntu基础系统经过mksquashfs打包而成。
1、生成标准ubuntu基础系统：sudodebootstrap raring./testfs
2、为安装系统时增加自定义的包集合菜单
3）、光盘引导--isolinux/的制作
isolinux/下为光盘引导的相关文件，可使用debian-installer生成的debian-cd_info.tar.gz提供的文件，也可使用自定义引导程序。
4）、自动化安装系统--preseed/的制作
preseed/下放置的是各种自动化安装系统的seed文件，可根据需要按照相关规则编写seed文件，ubuntuserver所使用的为ubuntu-server.seed。在引导参数中需指定seed文件。
5）、光盘中源的软件包--pool/的制作
pool/下是光盘中本地源的所有软件包，软件包按照源的标准文件结构放置。使用apt-move工具可将指定文件夹下的所有软件包按照源的标准文件结构放置，即可生成所需的pool目录。Apt-move是一个专为已下载到/var/cache/apt/archives的软件包生成debian软件包仓库文件结构的工具。光盘中所携带的所有软件包之间必须没有冲突并有完整的依赖关系，同时不能和debootstrap生成的基础系统中已安装的软件包有冲突。
6）、光盘中源的包列表--dists/的制作
dists/下是光盘中本地源的包列表，其中至少应包含两个包列表：1）光盘中所有供系统安装的.deb包的包列表（Packages），2）Debian-installer所需的.udeb包的包列表。
7）、光盘信息–.disk/目录
.disk/目录下为记录一些光盘属性的文件，此目录是制作镜像所必须的。debian-installer会读取其中信息以判断是否为ubuntu的系统安装盘。
8）、 simple-cdd--自动化构建ubuntu-server系统安装镜像
simple-cdd可以根据配置文件，利用Debian-installer和Debian-cd等工具自动构建ubuntu-server系统安装镜像。（由于这些软件默认配置都是针对Debian的，具体配置和使用还有待分析）
Ubuntu的软件源地址
8.10的
Archive.ubuntu.com更新服务器（欧洲，此为官方源，电信网通用户使用)：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Ubuntu.cn99.com更新服务器（江苏省常州市电信，推荐电信用户使用）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
Mirrors.shlug.org更新服务器（电信服务器，Ubuntu China Official Mirror, maintained by Shanghai Linux User Group）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
Mirror.lupaworld.com更新服务器（浙江省杭州市双线服务器）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
厦门大学更新服务器（教育网服务器）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
成都市电子科技大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：
deb intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
==如果无法解析uestc.edu.cn域名，请使用以下地址==
deb intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
上海市上海交通大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：
deb intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
中国科学技术大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：
deb intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-updates main multiverse restricted universe
中国台湾台湾大学更新服务器（推荐网通用户使用，电信PING平均响应速度41MS。强烈推荐此源，比较完整，较少出现同步问题）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
mirror.rootguide.org更新服务器（上海市电信）：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
台湾的官方源速度也相当不错，有时甚至快于内地的：
deb intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src intrepid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
debian和ubuntu的区别是啥
Debian和Ubuntu的区别如下：
一、基础差异
Debian是一个纯粹的开源社区项目，起源于开源社区的自由精神和理念。它通常被用于服务器和个人计算机的系统构建。Ubuntu则是在Debian的基础上构建的分支系统，其主要面向桌面用户和开发者，更加注重易用性和便捷性。因此，Debian更为基础，Ubuntu则更加实用和人性化。
二、更新与发行方式
Debian由于其严格的稳定性要求，通常不会过于频繁地发布新版本或进行大量更新，而Ubuntu则更加活跃，会定期发布新版本并更新软件库。此外，Ubuntu的更新策略相对更加便捷，对于普通用户来说更加友好。而Debian由于其开放性和自由度较高，可能会给初次接触的用户带来一些安装和配置的复杂性。
三、易用性和便捷性
Ubuntu的核心理念是“易用性”，因此它内置了许多自动化工具和图形界面来简化安装和配置过程。它还拥有广泛的技术支持和丰富的软件包资源。相比之下，Debian在安装和软件配置上相对较为复杂一些，但也因为自由度和选择多样性高，被广大系统管理员和技术爱好者喜爱。使用Debian可以更自由地选择软件版本和配置方式。而Ubuntu则更适合普通用户和开发者使用。
总的来说，Debian和Ubuntu都是基于Linux的操作系统，但它们在定位、更新策略、易用性和便捷性等方面存在差异。Debian更加适合服务器和专业用户的使用，而Ubuntu则更适合桌面用户和开发者使用。用户可以根据自身需求和偏好选择合适的系统。
