centos host查询 centos看版本信息
CentOS7网络设置修复
服务器有两个网卡enp7s0和enp8s0
服务器需要通过enp8s0和互联网联通,互联网为笔记本转接
通过centos7界面修改ip,失败;
通过centos7的网络配置文件/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp8s0修改ip设置
设置如下:
1.启动 service network start报错,通过journalctl-xe查看如下
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
--
-- Unit fprintd.service has begun starting up.
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost dbus-daemon[851]: dbus[851]: [system] Successfully activated service'net.reactivated.Fprint'
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost dbus[851]: [system] Successfully activated service'net.reactivated.Fprint'
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost systemd[1]: Started Fingerprint Authentication Daemon.
-- Subject: Unit fprintd.service has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
--
-- Unit fprintd.service has finished starting up.
--
-- The start-up result is done.
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]: Launching FprintObject
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]:** Message: D-Bus service launched with name: net.reactivated.Fprint
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]:** Message: entering main loop
12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost polkitd[835]: Operator of unix-session:1 successfully authenticated as unix-user:windfarm to gain TEMPORARY authorization for action org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units for system-bus
12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...
-- Subject: Unit network.service has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
--
-- Unit network.service has begun starting up.
12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost network[6693]:正在打开环回接口: [ 确定 ]
12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost network[6693]:正在打开接口 enp7s0:
12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]:正在确定 enp7s0的 IP信息...失败:不存在链接。检查电缆?
12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]: [失败]
12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]:正在打开接口 enp8s0: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: [ 确定 ]
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down networking.
-- Subject: Unit network.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
--
-- Unit network.service has failed.
--
-- The result is failed.
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: Unit network.service entered failed state.
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service failed.
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost polkitd[835]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:6669:319312(system bus name:1.263, object path/org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)(d
3.systemctl status network.service查看如下:
● network.service- LSB: Bring up/down networking
Loaded: loaded(/etc/rc.d/init.d/network; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed(Result: exit-code) since六 2018-12-29 18:38:17 CST; 1min 24s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 909 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/network start(code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...
12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost network[909]:正在打开环回接口: [ 确定 ]
12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost network[909]:正在打开接口 enp7s0:
12月 29 18:38:12 crrchost network[909]:正在确定 enp7s0的 IP信息...失败:…?
12月 29 18:38:12 crrchost network[909]: [失败]
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost network[909]:正在打开接口 enp8s0: [ 确定 ]
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service: control process exi...=1
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down n...g.
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: Unit network.service entered failed...e.
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service failed.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use-l to show in full.
1.参考网络方法停用NetworkManager,依旧报错
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager
2.比对两个网卡的MAC地址和配置文件的MAC地址
a.查看mac地址配置,ipconfig
b.查看配置文件中的macd地址是否匹配,ifcfg-enp8s0和ifcfg-enp7s0,
按照网络方法增加一行HWADDR=ipconfig查询到的对应网卡MAC地址;
c.重启network服务依旧报错;
3.通过GUI界面查看网络,提示“系统的网络服务与此版本的网络管理器不兼容”
这与之前停掉NetworkManager有关,此处不表;
4.因为ifcfg-enp7s0实际上没有插网线,修正其配置文件如下:
ONBOOT=no
重新启动服务后网络正常;
5.检查网络
1.network和NetworkManager不同,通过界面和通过配置文件,可能会导致配置混乱,且NetworkManager有些程序不支持,需要停用;
2.BOOTPROTO=none虽然可以表示静态ip,但是如果要启用,必须设置其为
BOOTPROTO=static或BOOTPROTO=dhcp
3.一个网卡没哟被启用,也就是没有设置动态ip或静态ip,是无法被初始化的,不能设置ONBOOT=yes
In Centos7.0 disabling NetworkManager will leave a dhcp client running configured for NetworkManager. This causes the error message RTNETLINK answers: File exists when the network service is started.
The stale dhclient process has the additional"benefit" that when the lease expires your dhclientwill choke, since it cannot reach NetWorkManager, thus removing your IP address.
If you grep for it, you will see that it points to a NetWorkManager configuration file.
[root@host~]# ps-ef| grep dhc
root 1865 792 0 Apr28? 00:00:00/sbin/dhclient-d-sf\
/usr/libexec/nm-dhcp-helper-pf/var/run/dhclient-eno1.pid-lf\
/var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-c96e56d3-a4c9-4a87-85ca-93dc0ca268f2-eno1.lease\
-cf/var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-eno1.conf eno1
So what you can do is kill the dhclient and only then start your network service.
如何在CentOS 7上修改主机名hostname
在CentOS或RHEL中,有三种定义的主机名:a、静态的(static),b、瞬态的(transient),以及 c、灵活的(pretty)。“静态”主机名也称为内核主机名,是系统在启动时从/etc/hostname自动初始化的主机名。“瞬态”主机名是在系统运行时临时分配的主机名,例如,通过DHCP或mDNS服务器分配。静态主机名和瞬态主机名都遵从作为互联网域名同样的字符限制规则。而另一方面,“灵活”主机名则允许使用自由形式(包括特殊/空白字符)的主机名,以展示给终端用户(如Dan's Computer)。
在CentOS/RHEL 7中,有个叫hostnamectl的命令行工具,它允许查看或修改与主机名相关的配置。
要查看主机名相关的设置:
$ hostnamectl status
只查看静态、瞬态或灵活主机名,分别使用“--static”,“--transient”或“--pretty”选项。
$ hostnamectl status [--static|--transient|--pretty]
要同时修改所有三个主机名:静态、瞬态和灵活主机名:
$ sudo hostnamectl set-hostname<host-name>
就像上面展示的那样,在修改静态/瞬态主机名时,任何特殊字符或空白字符会被移除,而提供的参数中的任何大写字母会自动转化为小写。一旦修改了静态主机名,/etc/hostname将被自动更新。然而,/etc/hosts不会更新以保存所做的修改,所以你需要手动更新/etc/hosts。
如果只想修改特定的主机名(静态,瞬态或灵活),你可以使用“--static”,“--transient”或“--pretty”选项。
例如,要永久修改主机名,可以修改静态主机名:
$ sudo hostnamectl--static set-hostname<host-name>
注意,不必重启机器以激活永久主机名修改。上面的命令会立即修改内核主机名。注销并重新登入后在命令行提示来观察新的静态主机名。
centos怎么查看hostid
天迁移以前的一个装有flexlm的虚拟机,结果发现在迁移后启动时报错
... Wrong hostid on SERVER line for license file
...
... SERVER line says 00e081787ba8, hostid is(Cannot get hostid of type 2 [])
... Invalid hostid on SERVER line1234
解决办法
从问题描述看,好像是取到hostid有问题,用lmhostid检查一下,发现取到的hostid为”“
./lmhostid
lmhostid- Copyright(c) 1989-2004 by Macrovision Corporation. All rights reserved.
The FLEXlm host ID of this machine is""123
由于FLEXlm会使用第一块网卡(eth0)的mac地址做hostid,所以用ifconfig检查网络配置,发现其中没有eth0,如下:
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:E0:81:78:7B:A8
inet addr:192.168.0.88 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:81ff:fe78:7ba8/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2463804 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:345560 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:924819172(881.9 MiB) TX bytes:34087357(32.5 MiB)
Interrupt:11
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr:::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:2843863 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2843863 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:729294023(695.5 MiB) TX bytes:729294023(695.5 MiB)123456789101112131415161718
但是在用linux自带网络配置工具和/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/下的文件配置看,确实是用的eth0。这说明配置出现了不一致问题。
最后,检查/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules文件
# PCI device 0x1af4:0x1000(virtio-pci)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*l", ATTR{address}=="00:e0:81:78:7b:a8", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"
# PCI device 0x10ec:0x8139(8139cp)
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:e0:81:78:7b:a8", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth1"12345
发现了问题,里面有两个网卡配置项,果断修改为