centos 网卡 mac(centos启用网卡)
CentOS7网络设置修复
服务器有两个网卡enp7s0和enp8s0
服务器需要通过enp8s0和互联网联通，互联网为笔记本转接
通过centos7界面修改ip，失败；
通过centos7的网络配置文件/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp8s0修改ip设置
设置如下：
1.启动 service network start报错，通过journalctl-xe查看如下
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
--
-- Unit fprintd.service has begun starting up.
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost dbus-daemon[851]: dbus[851]: [system] Successfully activated service'net.reactivated.Fprint'
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost dbus[851]: [system] Successfully activated service'net.reactivated.Fprint'
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost systemd[1]: Started Fingerprint Authentication Daemon.
-- Subject: Unit fprintd.service has finished start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
--
-- Unit fprintd.service has finished starting up.
--
-- The start-up result is done.
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]: Launching FprintObject
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]:** Message: D-Bus service launched with name: net.reactivated.Fprint
12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]:** Message: entering main loop
12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost polkitd[835]: Operator of unix-session:1 successfully authenticated as unix-user:windfarm to gain TEMPORARY authorization for action org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units for system-bus
12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...
-- Subject: Unit network.service has begun start-up
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
--
-- Unit network.service has begun starting up.
12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost network[6693]:正在打开环回接口： [ 确定 ]
12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost network[6693]:正在打开接口 enp7s0：
12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]:正在确定 enp7s0的 IP信息...失败：不存在链接。检查电缆？
12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]: [失败]
12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]:正在打开接口 enp8s0： RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: [ 确定 ]
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down networking.
-- Subject: Unit network.service has failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support:
--
-- Unit network.service has failed.
--
-- The result is failed.
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: Unit network.service entered failed state.
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service failed.
12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost polkitd[835]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:6669:319312(system bus name:1.263, object path/org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale zh_CN.UTF-8)(d
3.systemctl status network.service查看如下：
● network.service- LSB: Bring up/down networking
Loaded: loaded(/etc/rc.d/init.d/network; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed(Result: exit-code) since六 2018-12-29 18:38:17 CST; 1min 24s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 909 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/network start(code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...
12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost network[909]:正在打开环回接口： [ 确定 ]
12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost network[909]:正在打开接口 enp7s0：
12月 29 18:38:12 crrchost network[909]:正在确定 enp7s0的 IP信息...失败：…？
12月 29 18:38:12 crrchost network[909]: [失败]
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost network[909]:正在打开接口 enp8s0： [ 确定 ]
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service: control process exi...=1
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down n...g.
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: Unit network.service entered failed...e.
12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service failed.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use-l to show in full.
1.参考网络方法停用NetworkManager，依旧报错
systemctl stop NetworkManager
systemctl disable NetworkManager
2.比对两个网卡的MAC地址和配置文件的MAC地址
a.查看mac地址配置，ipconfig
b.查看配置文件中的macd地址是否匹配，ifcfg-enp8s0和ifcfg-enp7s0,
按照网络方法增加一行HWADDR=ipconfig查询到的对应网卡MAC地址；
c.重启network服务依旧报错；
3.通过GUI界面查看网络，提示“系统的网络服务与此版本的网络管理器不兼容”
这与之前停掉NetworkManager有关，此处不表；
4.因为ifcfg-enp7s0实际上没有插网线，修正其配置文件如下：
ONBOOT=no
重新启动服务后网络正常；
5.检查网络
1.network和NetworkManager不同，通过界面和通过配置文件，可能会导致配置混乱，且NetworkManager有些程序不支持，需要停用；
2.BOOTPROTO=none虽然可以表示静态ip，但是如果要启用，必须设置其为
BOOTPROTO=static或BOOTPROTO=dhcp
3.一个网卡没哟被启用，也就是没有设置动态ip或静态ip，是无法被初始化的，不能设置ONBOOT=yes
In Centos7.0 disabling NetworkManager will leave a dhcp client running configured for NetworkManager. This causes the error message RTNETLINK answers: File exists when the network service is started.
The stale dhclient process has the additional"benefit" that when the lease expires your dhclientwill choke, since it cannot reach NetWorkManager, thus removing your IP address.
If you grep for it, you will see that it points to a NetWorkManager configuration file.
[root@host~]# ps-ef| grep dhc
root 1865 792 0 Apr28? 00:00:00/sbin/dhclient-d-sf\
/usr/libexec/nm-dhcp-helper-pf/var/run/dhclient-eno1.pid-lf\
/var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-c96e56d3-a4c9-4a87-85ca-93dc0ca268f2-eno1.lease\
-cf/var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-eno1.conf eno1
So what you can do is kill the dhclient and only then start your network service.
linux做主备bond,切换网卡后,MAC地址回发生变化吗
正常的，网口绑定，mode 1下，两个网口的mac地址，会变成一个，切换到任意一个网口上都不会改变。这样在主备切换之后，网络拓扑影响较小。
而mode 0下，也就是负载均衡模式，两个网口各承担一半的负载，同时使用，所以它们的mac地址是不一样的。
网口绑定一共有7中模式，可以测试一下，横向比较。
Centos系统下查看和修改网卡Mac地址附ifconfig命令格式
本文将为大家详细的介绍centos系统修改网卡Mac地址的方法，具体内容如下：
在文件/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0中增加一行类似如下
MACADDR=00:04:AC:33:1C:3B
答：MAC地址是网卡的物理地址，其实在Linux下也可更改MAC地址：
1）闭网卡设备
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 down
2）修改MAC地址
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 hw ether MAC地址
3）重启网卡
/sbin/ifconfig eth0 up
Red Hat Linux下如何修改网卡MAC地址
OS版本：Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS4
核心：Kernel 2.6.9-42
网上有很多关于linux下修改MAC地址的方法，大多依葫芦画瓢，似乎都没验证过，达不到修改的目的。
经过我的详细测试，最终成功解决了这个问题。
误区一：
#ifconfig eth0 down/*禁掉eth0网卡，这里以eth0网卡为例*/
#ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:AA:BB:CC:DD:EE/*修改eth0网卡的MAC地址*/
#ifconfig eth0 up/*重新启动eth0网卡*/
然后重新启动主机。
结论：按照这种方法修改MAC地址，重新启动主机系统后，MAC地址会自动还原。
误区二：
#ifconfig eth0 down
#cd/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
#vi ifcfg-eth0
修改其中的"HWADDR=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx"
#ifconfig eth0 up
#service network start
结论：按照这种方法修改MAC地址后将无法启用网络，会出现如下提示：
“Bringing up interface eth0: Device eth0 has different MAC address than expected,ignoring.”
那么，在linux环境下如何保证修改后的MAC地址永久保存呢？正确的步骤如下：
#ifconfig eth0 down
#cd/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
#vi ifcfg-eth0
修改其中的"HWADDR=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx"为"MACADDR=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx"
#ifconfig eth0 up
#service network start
关键词：HWADDR和MACADDR是有区别的。
最后附ifconfig命令格式:
ifconfig--help Usage: ifconfig [-a] [-v] [-s] [[] ] [add [/
]] [del [/
]] [[-]broadcast []] [[-]pointopoint []] [netmask ] [dstaddr ] [tunnel ] [outfill ] [keepalive ] [hw ] [metric ] [mtu ] [[-]trailers] [[-]arp] [[-]allmulti] [multicast] [[-]promisc] [mem_start ] [io_addr ] [irq ] [media ] [txqueuelen ] [[-]dynamic] [up|down]...=Hardware Type. List of possible hardware types: loop(Local Loopback) slip(Serial Line IP) cslip(VJ Serial Line IP) slip6(6-bit Serial Line IP) cslip6(VJ 6-bit Serial Line IP) adaptive(Adaptive Serial Line IP) strip(Metricom Starmode IP) ash(Ash) ether(Ethernet) tr(16/4 Mbps Token Ring) tr(16/4 Mbps Token Ring(New)) ax25(AMPR AX.25) netrom(AMPR NET/ROM) rose(AMPR ROSE) tunnel(IPIP Tunnel) ppp(Point-to-Point Protocol) hdlc((Cisco)-HDLC) lapb(LAPB) arcnet(ARCnet) dlci(Frame Relay DLCI) frad(Frame Relay Access Device) sit(IPv6-in-IPv4) fddi(Fiber Distributed Data Interface) hippi(HIPPI) irda(IrLAP) ec(Econet) x25(generic X.25) infiniband(InfiniBand)=Address family. Default: inet List of possible address families: unix(UNIX Domain) inet(DARPA Internet) inet6(IPv6) ax25(AMPR AX.25) netrom(AMPR NET/ROM) rose(AMPR ROSE) ipx(Novell IPX) ddp(Appletalk DDP) ec(Econet) ash(Ash) x25(CCITT X.25)希望上文可以帮助到大家，需要的用户快来看看吧，想了解更多精彩教程请继续关注！
